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JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA

JHPT TROPIKA
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Published by Universitas Lampung

ISSN : 14117525 EISSN : 24610399 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tropika (JHPT Tropika) publishes articles in plant pests, plant pathogens, plant damage caused by those pests and pathogens and or their management in tropical areas. In addition to basic and applied research papers, JHPT Tropika publishes short communication that have not been published. Before being accepted for publication, all manuscripts must be peer reviewed. The journal is published sixmonthly in March and September.

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA" : 7 Documents clear

IDENTIFIKASI DINI GALUR KACANG TANAH YANG RESISTEN TERHADAP INFEKSI SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII HASIL SELEKSI IN VITRO DENGAN FILTRAT KULTUR S. ROLFSII Yusnita, Widodo, Rita Megia, Hajrial Aswidinnoor dan Sudarsono .
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Early Identification of Sclerotium rolfsii Resistant Lines of Peanut Derived from In Vitro Selection Using S. rolfsii Culture Filtrates. The objectives of this experiment was to evaluate methods for early identification of Sclerotium rolfsii resistant lines derived from fungal culture filtrate (CF)-insensitive somatic embryos (SE) and to correlate the results of early identification with that of direct S. rolfsii inoculation in the plastic house. In the first method, shoots regenerated from CF-insensitive SE were planted onto selective medium containing 30% of S. rolfsii CF for one month and then responses were evaluated. In the second method, leaves and leaflets of R0 peanut lines derived from CF-insensitive SE were inoculated with S. rolfsii by detached leaf-dual culture test. The damages of the inoculated leaves and leaflets were assessed 6 days after inoculation. A number of R1 plants were grown in the plastic house from seeds harvested from R0 peanut lines, and they were inoculated with S. rolfsii at 30 days after planting (dap). Responses of the inoculated R1 plants were observed at 44 dap. Results of the experiment indicated that shoots from CF-insensitive SE showed less damage scores (DS=1.2), when cultured on CF-containing selective medium than ones from non-selected SE (DS=2.9). Most of the detached leaves and leaflets inoculated with S. rolfsii totally necrosed. However, leaves and leaflets from 7 out of 23 R0 lines showed variegation between necrosed and healthy tissues, indicating the presence of S. rolfsii resistant tissue among the tested leaves and leaflets. Direct inoculation of R1 plants in the plastic house showed 10 out of 18 progenies derived from 6 R0 lines showed less disease severity scores (DSS=2 or 3) and they were able to survive and produce seeds. On the other hand, seed derived (original) peanut plants cv. Kelinci inoculated with S. rolfsii all showed DSS=5 and died after inoculation. The overall results of the experiment indicated the usefullness of in vitro selection using S. rolfsii culture filtrates for regenerating S. rolfsii resistant peanut variants and the possible use of methods for early identification of desirable variants.

PENGARUH JENIS PERANGKAP DAN FEROMON SEKS TERHADAP TANGKAPAN NGENGAT JANTAN Spodoptera exigua Agus Dana Permana dan Rostaman .
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Effect of trap design and sex pheromone on the capture of male Spodoptera exigua. This research was to know the effectiveness of two traps and three kinds of pheromone in attracting and catching the male insects of Spodoptera exigua Hubner in shallot field. Two traps were wing trap and bottle trap, whereas pheromones were standard [Z9E12-14Ac + Z9-14OH (10:1)), Ugratas® and virgin females. Traps that were loaded with a kind of pheromone, were placed randomly in shallot field, about 7 meters apart. The numbers of male insects that attracted and caught were recorded in three days for 12 days. The result showed that more male insects were caught in bottle traps than wing traps, and more males attracted in Ugratasïƒ’ than other pheromones.

PERKECAMBAHAN UREDOSPORA HEMILEIA VASTATRIX PADA EKSTRAK RIMPANG JAHE DAN KUNYIT SERTA DAUN CENGKEH DAN SIRIH Cipta Ginting .
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Germination of Hemileia vastatrix uredospores on crude water extracts of zinger and turmeric rhizome and clove and Piper betle leaves. Coffee leaf rust caused by H. vastatrix especially on Arabica coffee is one of most important diseases in coffee and conventional control methods of leaf coffee rust is still unsatisfactory. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of crude water extract on the germination of H. vastatrix uredospores. The study was conducted from January to September 2004 in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology at Unila. In each test, treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Crude water extract was prepared by homogenizing 100 g of material in 100 ml sterilized distilled water. After being passed through four layers of sterilized cheesecloth, the mixture was defined as the aliquot (100% extract) and dilutions were made with sterile distilled water to obtain concentrations of 2.5 to 10%. Each of four materials (zinger, turmeric, clove, and Piper betle) was tested separately in five aliquot concentration levels. One ml of each extract was mixed with 0.25 ml of uredospora suspension (4 x 105 per ml), and 0.2 ml of the mixture was incubated. The variable was germinated uredospora (%) that was determined under a mikroscope. The results show that significant reduction in spore germination occurred by turmeric, clove, and P. betle extracts at > 2.5% and by zinger extract at > 5%. Some uredospora exposed to plant extract germinated abnormally: germ tubes shorten, swollen, or malform.

SEBARAN DAN EFIKASI BERBAGAI GENUS CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN TERHADAP Riptortus linearis PADA KEDELAI DI LAMPUNG DAN SUMATRA SELATAN Yusmani Prayogo .
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Distribution and efficacy on various entomopathogenic fungi at Lampung and South Sumatra as a biological control agent against Riptortus linearis. This study was conducted from June to September 2005. The fungi were isolated from insect cadavers, insect bait, and soil sample from the soybean land. Each fungal sample was identified base on their morphology using determination keys. The fungal isolates were inoculated to the pod sucking bug Riptortus linearis. The results showed that there were six genera of entomopathogenic fungi that can be isolated, i.e. Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., Metarhizium sp., Verticillium sp., Paecilomyces sp., and Beauveria sp. The fungus-induced mortality of R. linearis varied between 5 - 30%. Paecilomyces sp. isolated from Lebak Batang Baru induced 25%; Beauveria sp. isolated from Pulung Kencana 25%; Verticillium sp. isolated from Kaliungu 20%. Metarhizium sp. isolated from Terbanggi Subing 20% and Verticillium sp. isolated from Lebak batang Baru 20% mortality. It was suggested that these fungi have potential as biological control agents for the pod sucking bug in dry acid land.

KERAGAMAN AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA CALOPHYLLUM SOULATTRI BURM. F. (CLUSIACEAE) DARI KALIMANTAN BARAT Edy Syahputra, Djoko Prijono, Fadjar Rianto .
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Diversity of insecticide activity of Calophylum soulattri Burm. F. (Clusiaceae) originate from West Kalimantan. The objective of this research was to evaluate the insecticidal activity of the bark extract of Calophyllum soulattri from West Borneo against Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. Extraction of the bark was performed with maceration method using ethanol and continued by acetone reextraction. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with C18 column (reversed-phase) and methanol-water (1:1) as the mobile phase was used to measure the amount of active components. Bioassays were done using leaf-residual method. The results showed that acetone bark extract of 10 sample plants of C. soulattri possessed strong lethal effect against C. pavonana larvae. The lethal effect of the extracts did not differ from each other and the correlation with the content of active components was not significant. The sample plant no. 12 showed the highest yield of acetone extract. Based on both the insecticidal activity and its rendement, it is concluded that the sample plant no. 12 is promising to be used as a parent plant for mass-propagation of source plants

DETEKSI TURNIP MOSAIC VIRUS PADA JARINGAN BENIH DAN DAUN Kartiningtyas dan Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat .
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Detection of Turnip mosaic virus in seed and leaf tissue. The study was conducted to test the seed transmission efficiency of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) on caisin (Brassica rapa) and the susceptibility of plant to the virus at different ages. Two detection techniques, ELISA and RT-PCR, were used to determine the more appropriate method for detection of TuMV. Two different sources of seeds involved those from farmer and commercial seeds were collected from West Java and Central Java. TuMV was inoculated on test plants at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after transplanting. Infected plants were confirmed using ELISA and RT-PCR techniques with specific antiserum and primer. TuMV was detected from farmer seeds originated from Ciherang and Cinangneng with percent infection of 15% and 2% , respectively. Plant growth and symptom development were affected by time of infection. In general, TuMV infection caused symptoms, mosaic, malformation, vein clearing, and blister on the leaf. The youngest plants were more susseptble and shown more severe symptoms. Absorbent value of ELISA from infected plants was in the range of 2.1 – 2.4. Spesific DNA band, 800 bp, was amplified from infected plants.

PENGARUH FRAKSI AKTIF AGLAIA HARMSIANA PERKINS (MELIACEAE) TERHADAP FISIOLOGI LARVA SPODOPTERA LITURA (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) Eka Candra Lina, Djoko Prijono, dan Dadang .
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 6 No. 1 (2006): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

The effect of active fraction Aglalia harmsiana Perkins (Meliaceae) to physiology of Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) larvae. This study was conducted to evaluate the physiological interferences in the soybean armyworm Spodoptera litura caused by active fractions of Aglaia harmsiana seed extract. The activity of the test materials was assessed by dietary preparation and topical application method. Repeated fractionations of A. harmsiana extract by chromatographic methods yielded two active fractions, designated as fraction 2-7 (0.0184%) and 2-8 (0.3773%). The results showed that fraction 2-8 had strong insecticidal activity against S. litura larvae, with LC50 by topical application and dietary preparation were 0.49% and 0.0044%, respectively. A sublethal treatment with the active fraction (LC25) reduced the relative growth rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, and efficiency of conversion of digested food by 52.9%, 42.9%, 49.6% with topical application and 66.7%, 50%, 63.8% with dietary preparation method. The treatments with that fraction at LC10 and LC25 to the fourth instars reduced the activity of invertase enzyme by 34% and 47%, but increased the activity of trehalase by 6.2% and 12.5% as compared with controls.

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